What role does testosterone play in males?

Testosterone is a crucial hormone in males that plays a significant role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sperm production. During puberty, increased levels of testosterone lead to physical changes such as increased muscle mass, deeper voice, and growth of facial and body hair. These changes are what are termed secondary sexual characteristics, and they are essential for sexual maturity and reproductive capability.

In addition to these characteristics, testosterone is also necessary for spermatogenesis, the process by which sperm cells are produced in the testes. This hormone stimulates the production of sperm and is vital for male fertility. Overall, testosterone influences a variety of physiological and psychological aspects related to masculinity, growth, and reproductive function.

Other options related to blood sugar regulation, calcium maintenance, or water retention pertain to different hormones and systems in the body, reflecting the diverse functions of various hormones, but they do not pertain to the specific role of testosterone in the male reproductive system.