What is the corpus luteum?

The corpus luteum is a structure that develops from the remains of the ovarian follicle after an egg has been released during ovulation. Its primary role is to secrete hormones, particularly progesterone and estrogen, which are crucial for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting early stages of pregnancy if fertilization occurs.

Following ovulation, the corpus luteum forms and persists for about two weeks if fertilization does not occur, after which it degenerates. In the event of pregnancy, the structure continues to function for several weeks until the placenta takes over hormone production.

Other options do not accurately describe the role or nature of the corpus luteum. Hormones related to pregnancy, fertilized eggs, and muscle tissue do not encompass the biological role and significance of the corpus luteum in the human reproductive system. The emphasis on hormone secretion highlights the critical function of the corpus luteum in reproductive physiology.