What defines a diploid cell?

A diploid cell is defined by having two complete sets of chromosomes, which is represented by the notation 2n. In humans, for example, each somatic cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, totaling 46 chromosomes. These sets come from each parent, with one set inherited from the mother and the other from the father.

This genetic arrangement allows diploid cells to participate in sexual reproduction and maintain genetic stability, as the two sets of chromosomes can provide diverse genetic combinations during reproduction. It is essential for a variety of cellular processes, including growth, development, and tissue repair, which rely on the full complement of genetic information provided by the diploid state.

The other options do not accurately capture the definition of a diploid cell. A cell with one complete set of chromosomes refers to a haploid cell, those involved in meiosis do not inherently define as diploid or haploid since they include processes that lead to the formation of both types, and while many diploid cells can divide by mitosis, not all cells that undergo mitosis are necessarily diploid. Hence, the defining characteristic of a diploid cell remains its two complete sets of chromosomes.