What are the phases of the menstrual cycle?

The phases of the menstrual cycle include the menstrual phase, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase. The menstrual cycle typically starts with the menstrual phase, which is when menstruation occurs, shedding the uterine lining. Following this is the follicular phase, during which follicles in the ovaries mature and prepare for ovulation. Ovulation occurs when an egg is released from one of the mature follicles. Lastly, the luteal phase follows ovulation, characterized by the presence of the corpus luteum, which secretes hormones to prepare the uterine lining for potential implantation.

This sequence accurately reflects the physiological changes that occur throughout the menstrual cycle, highlighting the interplay between hormonal signals and reproductive systems. Understanding these phases is crucial for comprehending how the menstrual cycle functions and the timing of fertility within this cycle.